編目原則

目錄 (catalogue)

1. A list of library materials contained in a collection, a  library, or a group of libraries, arranged according to some definite plan.

2. In a wider sense, a list of materials prepared for a particular purpose (e.g., an exibition catalogue, a sales catalogue)

編目 (cataloguing)

準備目錄的過程，包括資訊組織及主題分析兩個步驟。資訊組織再細分為：

• 敘述編目
• 機讀編目格式

主題分析的內容有：

• 主題標目
• 分類法

將編目後的書目資料整合為完整的目錄，則需要編目管理技術及圖書館管理政策的指導。

目錄的功用

Charles Ammi Cutter 的主張(1876)：

A library's catalog should:

1. allow someone to locate materials if that person knows either

   1. the author
   2. the title, or

   3. the subject;

2. show the library's holdings

   1. by a given author,
   2. on a given subject, or
   3. in a given kind of literature (poetry, drama, fiction)

3. assist in the choice of a work

   1. as to edition by describing the work adequately for easy identification (author, title, edition, etc.), and
   2. as to its character -- topical or literary -- and its location.

巴黎原則

1961年, IFLA召開 International Conference on Cataloguing Principles, 結果產生 Paris Principles, 其中:

2. Functions of the catalogue
   The catalogue should be an efficient instrument for ascertaining

2.1 wether the library contains a particular book specified by
      a. its author and title, or
      b. if the author is not named in the book its title alone, or
      c. if the author and title are inappropriate or insufficient for identification, a suitable substitute for the title; and
2.2 a. which works by a particular author and
      b. which editions of a particularwork are in the library.

目錄有兩個功能:

• finding list
• collocating(assembling) device

近代的說法

1. find
2. identify
3. select
4. obtain
5. manage

參考書目

1. Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Record (FRBR)

2. Fattahi, Rahmatollah "AACR2 and catalogue production technology," (Toronto conference paper, 1997)

自我測驗

1. 以自己的話，描述目錄的功用。

2. 何謂「目錄」？

3. 目錄的功用為何？試以 Charles A. Cutter 的說法與巴黎原則為例，說明之。